Extended lymphadenectomy did not improve disease-free or overall survival compared to standard lymphadenectomy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients. Higher perioperative morbidity and mortality ...

N1 Single lymph node metastasis, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension N1 Single regional lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis (hypogastric, obturator, external iliac or presacral lymph node) N2 ...

New research shows lymph nodes aren’t just cancer bystanders, they’re the command centers fueling immune attacks. Surgically removing them along with tumors may weaken treatment, while preserving them ...

Fluorescent imaging of indocyanine green (ICG) injection site and its flow in lower limb lymph nodes. (A) Injection site located 2 cm above the inner neck of the lower limb. (B) Injection site in the ...

Aligarh, Jan. 30 -- Aligarh : In a major medical achievement, doctors at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital (JNMCH), Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), successfully performed a complex ...

Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in urinary system, and the treatment faces huge challenges. Radical cystectomy (RC) is the primary treatment for invasive cases, yet the ...

The extent of the bladder cancer — how far it has spread — matters. Your care team needs to know if your cancer sits on or in the first lining of your bladder (non-muscle invasive), if it goes into ...

Bladder cancer develops when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the tissue layers of the bladder. While often thought of as a single condition, bladder cancer exists in multiple forms, each with ...