The toughness of a hydrogel refers to the ability of the hydrogel to withstand deformation or mechanical stress without fracturing or breaking apart. A hydrogel with high toughness can maintain its structural …

Dec 18, 2024 · A hydrogel is a three-dimensional structure made of natural or synthetic polymers. This three-dimensional polymer network is capable of retaining significant amounts of water or biological …

6 days ago · The mechanical microenvironment for MSCs is crucial for osteogenesis. Here, the authors developed a hydrogel in which MSC-secreted ALP actively remodels the surrounding heterogeneous …

A hydrogel is a network of hydrophilic polymers that are crosslinked either through physical entanglement (reversible hydrogel) or covalent bonds (permanent hydrogel), whilst a gel is a semi …

Mar 20, 2025 · Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers that absorb and retain large amounts of water while maintaining their structure. Their stability comes from chemical or …

In the present review, we focused on the fundamental concepts of hydrogels—classification, the polymers involved, synthesis methods, types of hydrogels, properties, and applications of the hydrogel.

May 22, 2023 · Hydrogels are three-dimensional (3D) structured networks of crosslinked hydrophilic polymer matrices capable of holding a large amount of water (> 10%by definition) and displaying …

Hydrogel Definition Hydrogel is a hydrophilic polymer synthesized from natural or synthetic materials with a three-dimensional network structure.

Jul 25, 2025 · Hydrogels are materials composed of polymer chains that form a network capable of absorbing and holding significant amounts of water. This unique structure gives them a soft, jelly-like …

Sep 8, 2025 · Hydrogels are materials that can absorb and hold large amounts of water. They are made up of hydrophilic functional groups that attach to polymers and are cross-linked via hydrogen bonding …