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  1. Book: The Zama Campaign Reconstructed: Forgotten Battles

    Oct 11, 2025 · 2.Polybius, the three spies and the forgotten battle of Zama (March 2021). In this paper I discuss some plausible links in the historiography of the three spies` stories and …

  2. During the Second Punic War how useful was Macedonia as an …

    Dec 26, 2024 · Polybius states that when Philip ordered the construction of 100 lembi in the winter of 217-216, he had no illusions about being able to take on the Roman fleet (Polyb. 5.109.1-3).

  3. The Army of Carthage during Hannibal's time - History Forum

    Mar 19, 2011 · Polybius mentions longchophoroi, spearmen who made up the greater number of Hannibal's light-armed troops, of which the Moors most likely made up part of its number. The …

  4. Why did some nations have an aristocratic/social elite warrior class ...

    Dec 2, 2020 · I am curious to know why some nations develop an socially elite/aristocratic warrior class, like European knights or Japanese samurai, while other do not. Knights and Samurai …

  5. Is Polybius a primary source for Hannibal? - History Forum

    Dec 9, 2013 · The main ancient sources on Hannibal are Polybius,Livy and Appian. In an attempt to write a balancedaccount, Polybius referred to Fabius Pictor for aRoman perspective and …

  6. The Battle of Cannae, one of Rome's biggest defeats

    Oct 15, 2020 · Well, Polybius was sure, and to discard his assessment of the size of the Roman army fielded for Cannae is, quite frankly, based solely on arbitrariness. I’m sorry, but it’s a …

  7. Pompey Magnus vs Scipio Africanus | Page 11 | History Forum

    Jan 3, 2025 · Yes, @asiangin - Polybius is considered the more reliable ‘core’ authority, while Livy is the richer, dramatic but less trustworthy narrator, useful where he preserves extra detail but …

  8. Recent and Upcoming (Ancient) Greek History Books

    Jul 13, 2024 · View of Polybius on Leadership (on N. Miltsios, Leadership and Leaders in Polybius) histos.org Pima and cwnyth

  9. "Maniple" or "Cohort" during Second Punic War? - History Forum

    Polybius doesn't assign a number to the formations of Velites and mentions 500 soldiers as being the strength of a Cohort without discussing whether or not he is including Officers or, Velites. …

  10. Europe Top 100 Last Spot Voting: Round 2 Match 2

    Oct 15, 2024 · Polybius’ account of a total of 12,000 prisoners may not be an exaggeration if those still loyal to Carthage in the town of and around Baecula are included; he does state …