Damascus was the seat of the Umayyad Caliphate and a provincial capital under the Mamluk Sultanate. The modern Syrian state was established in the mid-20th century after centuries of Ottoman rule, as …

3 days ago · The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees estimates that, by November 2017, more than 5.3 million Syrian refugees had left the country as a result of the Syrian Civil War.

21 hours ago · In the space of two days, the Syrian military, aided by tribal militia, has driven Kurdish forces from wide swathes of northern Syria that they have held for more than a decade.

1 day ago · The Syrian government has announced a ceasefire with the Syrian Democratic Forces, taking almost full control of the country.

Jan 5, 2026 · Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Nov 19, 2025 · Three campaigns drove the conflict: coalition efforts to defeat the self-proclaimed Islamic State, violence between the Syrian government and opposition forces, and military operations against ...

4 days ago · Residents flee Aleppo's Sheikh Maqsoud neighbourhood after Syrian army warnings to evacuate as Kurdish fighters refuse to withdraw from the area.

Jan 7, 2025 · 2011 - Outbreak of the Syrian civil war. Inspired by the "Arab Spring" uprisings, confrontation between the government and opposition soon develops into a multi-sided fight …

1 day ago · Government extends grip on north after stalled efforts under Ahmed al-Sharaa to reach accommodation with Kurds and fold their forces into national army

1 day ago · Government forces have seized a strategic town in eastern Syria, intensifying their push against Kurdish-led forces east of the Euphrates River